operations addition addend sum difference subtraction unknown estimate equation strategy factor array multiple multiplication product division remainder quotient dividend divisor prime composite greater than less than power of ten exponent round pattern rule | sequence decreasing increasing term whole one-half one-third one-fourth one-sixth one-eighth numerator denominator equivalent fractions unit fraction decimal decimal point tenth hundredth unlike denominator mixed number numerical expression parentheses brackets braces height length width | metric unit customary unit rectilinear figure liquid volume quart gallon pint milliliter liter gram kilogram standard unit nonstandard unit pentagon hexagon 2-dimensional vertices polygon parallelogram parallel edge congruent similar quadrilateral base face symmetrical | 3-dimensional curved surface flat surface pyramid cube cone cylinder sphere rectangular prism acute angle obtuse angle right angle perimeter area centimeter inch quarter inch half inch square unit square inch square foot square cm square meter place value expanded form data picture graph | line plot bar graph minimum maximum scale key square right triangle scalene triangle equilateral triangle isoceles triangle rectangle kite rhombus trapezoid octagon perpendicular intersecting volume cubic units coordinate plane first quadrant origin x-axis y-axis ordered pair |