operations addition addend sum difference subtraction unknown estimate equation strategy column row factor array multiple multiplication product division remainder quotient digit prime composite ones place tens place hundreds place thousands place | round pattern rule sequence decreasing increasing term whole one-half one-third one-fourth one-sixth one-eighth numerator denominator equivalent fractions unit fraction decimal decimal point tenth hundredth hour minute second elapsed time height | metric unit customary unit length width rectilinear figure liquid volume quart gallon pint milliliter liter gram kilogram standard unit nonstandard unit pentagon hexagon 2-dimensional vertices polygon parallelogram parallel edge congruent similar quadrilateral base | face symmetrical 3-dimensional curved surface flat surface pyramid cube cone cylinder sphere rectangular prism acute angle obtuse angle right angle ray line line segment perimeter ruler tape measure centimeter inch quarter inch half inch square unit square inch square foot | square cm square meter area standard form word form expanded form data picture graph line plot bar graph minimum maximum scale key square right triangle scalene triangle equilateral triangle isoceles triangle rectangle kite rhombus trapezoid octagon perpendicular intersecting |